01

????锛?娑?????ワ?娆ф床缁?浜?????浜???

娆ф床-浼???缁?绠??哄??mdash;—INSTEX?╁?锛?

?辨?寰峰?楂??达??ㄤ?浠藉０??涓???疯?锛?浣?涓?NSTEX????濮??′?锛?娉??姐??寰峰?藉???卞?界????娆㈣?姣??╂?躲??涓归害?????般???峰?般??????????告?垮????鸿?涓??崇?锛?????NSTEX??

????锛?浣?娌＄????锛?INSTEX浠????????辨?寰蜂??斤?涓?涓??????ヤ???釜娆ф床?藉?锛?姣??╂?躲??涓归害?????般????????峰?板?????革?INSTEX?╁???浜?9涓??藉???

??浜烘??璁歌????INSTEX???ワ?

杩?涔?璇村?э?INSTEX???辨?寰蜂??斤?浠?骞村????绔???缁?绠?绯荤?锛????????﹁捣???讹?甯??╂?娲蹭?涓?缁?杩?缇???缁?绠?锛??ㄧ??戒富瀵肩???ㄧ??????浣?绯讳?澶?锛?涓?浼???杩?琛?姝ｅ父璐告????

姣?绔?锛?娆х????瑕?浼??????虫补锛?娆х??杩??ㄤ?????浜?寰?澶?浼?涓?锛???????戒?澹颁护涓?锛?灏辫?璁╂?????姝㈠??浼???璐告??锛?杩?瀹??ㄨ?杩?浜?????滑锛?????涓?涓???

????????姘?娌＄?ㄥ??锛???涓虹??界?ㄦ?ュ?惰?浼?????宸ュ?凤?涓?涓??????锛?涓?涓???????ㄧ??璐у?缁?绠?绯荤?SWIFT锛?杩?涓や釜宸ュ?蜂富?ㄦ???芥???″?ㄧ??戒汉????锛?浣?瑕?缁?杩?瀹?锛?灏卞????????躲??

杩?娆″?惰?浼???锛?缇??藉?????姝??浼????ㄧ?????璐告??缁?绠???浼????????虫补??锛??虫补?????瀹?浠风??锛?浣?涓?璁╂???ㄧ???浜?锛?杩?????灏辨病娉???浜???

浜????????寮?濮??ㄦ??????ュ??缁?绠?锛?璧?WIFT???介??缁?绠?绯荤?锛?娌℃?冲?扮??戒???锛???浼?????SWIFT????涔?缁????????

瑕??ラ??锛?SWIFT绯荤?锛????涓?????ㄤ???200澶?涓??藉????板?恒??杩??ヨ?杩?1.1涓?瀹堕?????烘?????惰??磋法澧??镐???淇′?缁?绠?绯荤???

缇??藉?????????SWIFT????锛?绛?浜???浼???????浜?涓?搴ч????瀛ゅ?锛?澶卞?讳?涓??介??????甯??虹????绯伙???寰?浼???褰诲???涓???????浜???

?????缇??芥??缇??界???╃??锛?娆ф床??娆ф床??????锛?缇??芥?崇疆浼???浜?姝诲?帮?娆ф床浜哄?翠??充?浼???缈昏?搞??

娆ф床浜鸿??冲??浼???缁х画璐告??锛?灏卞?缁?杩?缇??戒汉涓诲????ㄧ??璐у?缁?绠?绯荤?SWIFT锛???繁??涓?涓??绠?绯荤?锛?杩?涓??绠?绯荤?锛?灏辨??NSTEX??

??互璇达?INSTEX???娲茶??间娇?ㄦ?夸唬缇???绯荤?锛?????濂???涔??????锋??浼ゅ????????????

瀹?寰????藉氨???璧风??藉????ㄦ???榫??烽?锛??ｅ???椹?????甫?ㄦ???????ㄧ??????磋?躲??

?虫?冲?э??????辨?寰凤??跺??娆ф床?朵??藉????ワ?

??娲叉????界????娈?姘??帮???娲插???璺?杩?锛?INSTEX灏辫???浜?涓ゅぇ娲诧?

浼???褰??舵?杩???涓?寰?浜?锛????ュ氨??负浠?璁捐???锛?缁?寮?缇??斤?涓惧????璧?????锛?

涓???淇?褰??舵?挎?????拌?涓??夸唬缇?????“??”锛?濡???涓???ㄥ?甯?璺?杩?锛?

??浠ワ??板??NSTEX?╁?锛?濡???楸煎?哄?鸿?缇???浣?绯荤??????锛?杩?涓???浼煎?灏?????????芥???崇?????涓??扮???朵唬寮?濮?锛?涓?涓??荤????????荤??藉?????朵唬??

涓??烘病??纭???????浜?????浜?锛?缇????告???????ワ???姝ｉ??娓??版??hellip;…

02

澶╀??︾????告??涔??ｏ?

杩?涓???涓??跺?涓?????涓?涓???斤???????涓や釜“缇???rdquo;?? 涓?涓???汉浠???寰?瑙???缇??斤??﹀?涓?涓?????箍甯??ㄧ??????褰㈢??缇???璧?????姐??

缇????告??锛?涓??存????界???芥?瑰???

濡?浣?纭??缇????告??杩??″?芥?瑰?锛?

1972骞寸???涓?榛???褰诲??遍?╀???锛?缇??芥?垮??冲?轰?涓??″?璁★???娌??规??浜?涓?涓???璁??缇??戒???娌??瑰????娌??瑰????灏?缇???????娌规???╋???娌圭??缁?绠?璐у?蹇?椤绘???????

杩?涓???澶???浜?锛?缇??????虫补缁?瀹?涔???锛??虫补缇???浠?姝ゆí绌哄?轰?锛??ㄤ???瀵圭?????浜?????????姹???

?虫?冲?э?浣???互涓?涔扮??借揣锛?浣?浣??戒?涔扮?虫补??锛????浣?涓?涔帮?灏遍??瑕?浣跨?ㄧ???缁?绠???

???讹?缇??借????т?SWIFT杩?涓??ㄧ??缁?绠?绯荤?锛?瀹??稿?浜??ㄧ????????绁?缁?绯荤?锛??ㄧ??涓昏??藉???涓昏?璐у??借???杩?杩?涓?郴缁?杩?琛?缁?绠?锛?濡???杩?涓????锛?灏卞?烘???浜????绮?????璐㈣矾??

浣??板?ㄥ?婚?惰???澧?澶?姹?娆撅??惰?涔?浼?璁╀?濉??涓?WIFT??锛?娌℃??杩?涓????规??病娉?杞?处??

涓?????锛?涓?????锛?涓?寮???澶╁ぇ缃?浠?澶╄????锛?浠?姝ょ????告???蜂护澶╀?锛??????浠???璋?涓??????锛?灏辨?朵??惰??ㄧ???褰???瀛?锛??跺?ㄥ??汉??瀛?涓?锛????惰???

?や??惰?锛?缇???瀵圭??借???涓?涓???澶х孩?╋??ｅ氨????互瀵瑰?ㄧ??“?查????”锛????ㄤ???浜烘??堕?稿?绋???

?变?缇????????璐у?锛?缇??藉??涔?涓???瑕?浠?涔??ㄥ?锛?澶ц????澶ц???卞氨???锛????冲??互??杩??╃???稿?ㄤ?????缇?姣???

姣?濡?锛??????辨?烘???达???杩?????????㈠??炬??娈碉?寮??ㄥ?伴???猴?缇???娴???娴峰?锛?瀹?璐ㄤ???己琛????憋?杩????涓?杞?ldquo;?查????”锛?

缇??界?娴?搴﹁??惧?冲??锛?缇????ㄤ??????宸ㄥぇ?瑰?告??搴?璁╃?????娴?锛?杩????浜?杞?ldquo;?查????”??

缇????ㄦ?娆″???????????瀵规?板?村?藉??ヨ?锛??跺?灏辨???娆￠?跨?姣??????姣???杞?????

???╃???藉?锛??歌揣甯?楦︾???舵??澶?蹇??锛?绱х缉?惰?????璐у?涔?姣?灏变???澶????︺??

80骞翠唬缇????ㄥ?????寮?????缇??藉??哄?″?辨?虹??瀵肩??储锛?宸磋タ??缁?娴?娉℃搏琚??虹?达?“宸磋タ濂?杩?rdquo;?伴??????涓?澶?涔??翠?韫朵?????板?ㄤ?澶?浜?婊????ㄦ????

80骞翠唬????藉?????璁╄タ娆уけ?讳?5骞达??ユ??け?讳?15骞淬??

90骞翠唬????藉?????璁╀?娲查?????辨?虹????锛?涓???浜???棣?娓????ユ??穿??锛?涓?澶?涔??村?芥?璐㈠?浜洪?磋?稿??锛???楦块???帮?婊＄????????杈?杈??﹁?﹀????骞达????拌В?惧??锛??藉共浜???

2001骞寸??藉?????瀵艰?翠??ㄧ??浜???缃?娉℃搏???寸????浜???缃?灏辨???骞寸??涓?娆℃??澶х??娉℃搏锛???????????娓??版?ワ?绾虫??揪??娉℃搏?寸???锛????板???告?澶憋????颁?浜跨???绐??惰?稿????

2008骞寸??藉??????存?ュ??翠?娆¤捶?辨?哄??????

涓轰???楂???缇???绛?“澶у?颁??藉??”???惰?锛?缇????ㄥ共??“?????村???烘????rdquo;锛???搴﹂????瀹芥?撅?璁╁?ㄤ???涓虹??介?????辨?轰拱????

杩?涔?灏辨??凹???炬?舵????缇??借储?块?ㄩ?跨害缈?middot;搴风撼?╋??ｅ?ラ?诲??涓???????瑷?????娑碉?“缇???????浠???璐у?锛??存???浠????????”

03

缇???杩?涔????硷?缇??藉??舵??瀹?褰??芥?瑰?淇??わ??℃??Е?ㄥ??濞????扮????告??锛???缇?灏变??????涓??峰???ㄦ?诲?汇??

2000骞存???璇????讹?缇??戒????冲??虹?颁?涓????缇?????甯?绉?锛?绔?椹???璧风?绱㈡???浜???

绉?绱㈡???浜?涔???锛?娆ф床?藉?骞舵病??璁ゆ?缇??界???╂?剁?ㄥ?锛?绛??版??浜?????娆ф床璧??????锛?涓ラ??褰卞??娆ф床缁?娴???????绋冲??讹?宸茬?涓烘?跺凡????

???ョ??借桨?稿??????锛?椤瑰????????ㄦ?????跺???负浜?“杞扮?告???”??缇??借????存??锛??存?ユ??娆у??骞叉??浜?寮卞?胯揣甯?锛?涓??村急?颁?浠?澶┿??

??????涓?浠??????锛?杩????ｄ?琚???介??涓?缁????扮???ㄨ揪濮???

2000骞?0??锛??ㄨ揪濮??挎??瀹ｅ?锛?浼????????虫补?哄?ｅ?“涓??ㄦ???借揣甯?——缇???”???圭?ㄦ???锛?11??浠藉??瀹ｅ?浣跨?ㄦ????夸唬缇???浣?涓鸿锤??缁?绠?璐у???

杩?涓?缇??戒浆杩?瀹瑰?涓??ㄨ揪濮?锛???涓轰??︽??浜???渚?锛??ｄ??虫补缇???缁?绠?灏卞???藉?ㄦ????

??浠ヨ?界?惰?ㄨ揪濮?骞舵病????浠?涔??充?瀛?“澶ц?妯℃??浼ゆ?ф???rdquo;锛?浣?2003骞???20?ョ??辫????浠??跺ぇ涓捐??伙??ㄧ炕?ㄨ揪濮??挎??锛?澶?姝昏?ㄨ揪濮???汉??

?ㄨ揪濮????板??锛?缇??藉????绗??浠朵?锛?灏辨???㈠??虫补缇???缁?绠???

??缇?涓轰?涔?杩?涔??ㄤ?缁存??缇????告??锛?

??涓烘??浜?缇???杩?涓?宸ュ?凤?缇??戒汉灏卞??互涓???妇?ㄤ???涔??哄害?ワ?骞跺?ㄧ???????????????存?ュ?????ㄤ???缇?姣???

濡???缇????告??涓уけ锛?缇??藉氨绛?浜??告??浜?涓??¤?裤??

04

?惰??锛?涔?璁哥??芥???蜂??充??帮?灞??舵????繁????????????锛?娉??姐???卞?姐??寰峰?斤?寮?濮???INSTEX缁?绠?绯荤?锛???缇????告?????瑰?恒??

?跺?锛?涔????寰?娆ф床锛?杩?瀹??ㄦ???缇??介?肩??锛?灏ゅ?舵??杩?涓ゅ勾锛?宸?????板??瀵瑰?????寮哄?块?搁??锛?澶??叉?€??澶???达?杩?娆ф床灏?寮?浠??藉?涓?涓??讳?锛?寮?濮??冲??娉??靛?剁????告????

娉??芥?荤?椹???榫?锛??存????烘?ワ?琛ㄧず娆ф床蹇?椤昏?寤虹???繁??????锛?杩??峰??互?逛究?垫??涓???寮哄?界???ヤ镜??

涓?浠????娲诧?涓???涓?寰?澶??藉?锛??跺??芥????寮?缇?????蹇?????

棣?褰??跺?茬?????缃????瀹?瀵圭????告??锛??╁氨?ㄥ?????????

??0??浠界??淇?缃????芥??ㄥぇ浼?涓?锛???含?存?ヤ?褰????猴?“?ㄤ???杩??婚?藉?淇′换缇???锛?浣??板?ㄨ??ㄤ??挎不姝﹀???瀵瑰???芥?藉?????讹?璁稿??藉?姝ｅ?ㄦ?惧?缇???浣?涓哄?ㄥ?璐у?锛?缇???寰?蹇??浼?宕╂?锛?”

?煎?涓????????娆ф床宸茬?琛ㄧず锛?娆㈣?淇?缃?????戒?????NSTEX锛??╁ぇ杩?涓?郴缁???褰卞????锛?淇?缃??????纭?〃??锛??挎??涓?娆х????nstex涓??寸揣瀵???浣???

?????藉?涔???寮虹????“?荤?????”???ㄦ?恒?????浜?锛?缇????ㄥ??????锛??挎?瑰环璐у?涓?澶??版?╁??宸磋タ澶??哄??椤剁???ㄥ?с??

??浠ワ??板?ㄩ?????藉?涔?姝ｅ?ㄦ??????涓?ldquo;???????”??缁?涓????浣?绯伙?浠???娑?璐硅?????????╀??ㄦ???哄?????ㄩ?????藉???瀹??拌法?借法甯?绉????锛?绠???璺ㄥ?芥???绋?搴?锛???灏?瀵圭?????渚?璧???

浜???????寮?澶达?娆ф床涔???锛?濡???澶у??芥???峰??凤?璺???“?荤?????”锛?缁??㈢?╄????韫叉父??灏辫?寮?濮?浜?锛?

娆ф床韫诧?娆ф床韫诧?娆ф床韫插?淇?缃???共锛?淇?缃???共锛?淇?缃???共锛?淇?缃???共瀹?????韫诧?????韫诧?????韫诧?????韫插????冲?惰共……

濡?姝よ????涓??︿?涓??ㄤ????荤???????瓒??垮舰??锛??ｄ?锛?缇??界???虫补缇??????跺害璁捐?灏变??跺?伴????锛???杩?瀵圭??芥?ヨ?锛?缁?瀵规???鹃?炬?х????

05

涓?璋?涓?涓???涓?瓒充互璋?涓??讹?涓?璋??ㄥ???涓?瓒充互璋?涓?????

?荤?????锛????涓??挎?????叉??????浜?杩?绋?锛??︾???拌?锛?浠?????娆ф床??缁煎??瀹???锛????挎不??浜??煎???锛?娆ф床瀵规??缇??斤?澶ф???涓?浼?涓?椹?钩宸?锛?涓??磋???????澶?锛????充????ゆ?娲叉?????跺????????姐??

浣????濡???娆т?缇?瀵规??锛?淇?缃?????涓??姐???ユ?????板害绛??戒???缁????ワ???娓???寤轰?涓??荤???????浣?绯伙??ｄ?缇??藉氨瑕?????澶ч夯?︿???

浠???????锛?杩?涓??煎???互瀵圭??藉舰??濞???锛??茶??瀹????″?╁????存?ｆ??濡?涓猴?????????浠??姐??

?剧?兼?磋??????ワ?濡???缇??界户缁??缇???瑙?涓烘?挎不??浜???宸ュ?凤??????朵??藉?锛??ｄ?锛?蹇?灏?“??繁?ㄦ???ф?缇???”锛?灏???瓒??ヨ?澶??藉??????璧峰?荤?????锛?缇????告??灏?琚???椋?锛?骞舵??缁??ㄦ????宕╁???

??杩??界?ラ?娴??锛???绌哄?瑙?娴锋尝骞炽??

瀵逛?涓??芥?ヨ?锛??㈠?涓????惧勾????涔?澶у??灞?锛???浠??????锛?灏辨????烽??浠?瀹癸?????涓烘????涓?涓猴???浣?濂??轰????ㄨ?浜烘?甯??介????杩?绋?锛?瀹??颁腑??姘?????浼?澶у??淬??

?佃??с????姝ｇ????????锛?骞?????????瀵瑰???垮?ヨ?ょ?瑷???锛?“浜????浜?锛?涓?浜????锛?澶????浜?锛?澶╀????戒?涔?浜?”锛?涓??ヨ?璁查??浜?绔?浜?????川锛?褰??圭?搴?锛??????繁??????锛?涓?????????繁锛?瓒?瓒???繁??

涓??芥???涓??澶ц?妯＄???藉?锛???浠?????????抽????浜???锛?????????ュ???锛???濂芥??浠???繁??浜?锛???濂芥??濂界????繁锛?濡?姝よ???跺??互灞圭?浜?澶т?涔?涓?锛??剧?兼?????

灏卞??浠绘???璇寸???ｆ?凤?涓???3浜夸汉姘?锛???浠????涓???璞???纾ㄥソ锛?纾ㄦ??濂借???锛?浣??ｅ??涓??涓?锛?濂藉ソ???诲??璞??斤???璞??藉??濂姐????浠?3浜夸汉锛?姣?涓?汉??濂戒?浠朵?锛??艰捣?ユ??浠?氨???澶х??姐??

???拌???锛?绗???蹇界?舵?宠捣浜??惧勾??姊????瀵逛腑?界??绁?绂???褰??讹?姊?浠诲?????绛??版???兼?绌垮?版????锛?涓??借?藉??惧??浼?澶у??寸???????璁╂??浠??卞????璇佃?浜?璁╀汉???娌歌?剧??璇?璇??э?

绾㈡?ュ????锛??堕??澶у????娌冲?轰?娴?锛?涓?娉绘豹娲???娼?榫??炬?锛?槌????????涔宠???歌胺锛??惧?介???躲??

缇?????灏?骞翠腑?斤?涓?澶╀???锛?澹?????涓??藉?骞达?涓??芥????锛?